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 What
is a perineal hernia?
It is a condition whereby the pelvic and/or abdominal organs (bladder,
small intestines or rectum) protrude into the region around the anus,
known as the perineum. This condition is most commonly seen in older,
male, uncastrated dogs.
What is
the cause of it?
The exact cause of perineal hernias is still unknown. It has been
postulated that hormones are responsible for the weakening of the muscles
that form the pelvic diaphragm.
Is it
serious?
A perineal hernia does not require emergency surgery unless the animal is
unable to urinate, defaecate or if the intestines are twisted. Under such
circumstances, the animal may die within a short period of time.
How can it be treated?
Non-emergency perineal hernias can be managed by giving stool softeners to
prevent the animal from becoming constipated and straining. Switching to a
high fiber diet helps to keep stools soft. Perineal hernias can also be
corrected by surgery. Concurrent
castration during the time of hernia repair is also recommended as it
lowers the risk of a recurrence.
What are
the risks of surgery?
Risks of the surgery are dependent on factors such as the age of the
animal, body condition, general health, liver and kidney function,
seriousness of problem, size of hernia and length of operation. In this
particular case, the Shetland is an old dog (12 years old), therefore
there might be anaesthetic risks involved. Due to the size of the hernia
(15cm x 17cm), the surgery will take at least an hour, increasing the
risks. A blood test should be performed to test kidney and liver function.
The dog is also slightly thin and has gingivitis and decaying teeth, which
may add to the complication of the surgery.
What is
the success rate of the surgery?
Success rate of the surgery is also dependent on the factors stated above.
What is
the cost of the surgery?
Estimated cost of the surgery will be approximately SGD$900 - $1,800,
excluding anaesthesia, medication and nursing costs.
Will the
problem recur after the surgery?
There is a risk of recurrence even after the hernia has been repaired. As
mentioned, stool softeners and a high fiber diet can help to prevent
constipation and straining. Neutering is also recommended as it lowers the
risk of a recurrence. In very large hernias, simple suturing of the sides
will not be effective. Aa mesh may be used to close the defect or the
rectum may need to be stitched to the abdominal wall.
How long
can the dog survive if the surgery is not undertaken?
If the dog is still able to carry out its basic functions such as
urinating and defaecating, it should be able to live a few more years.
However, if the dog is unable to urinate or defaecate or if its intestines
are twisted (may present as pain), it may die within a short period of
time and emergency surgery is required.
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TOA
PAYOH VETS PTE LTD